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Preventing masks from becoming the next plastic problem

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1413-7

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Can we migrate COVID-19 spreading risk?

Qingyan Chen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1328-8

摘要： Abstract It is well recognized that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus could be spread through touch and large droplets. However, we may have under-estimated the disease transmission by small droplets or aerosols that contain SARS-CoV-2 virus. Social distancing in public transport vehicles, such as airplanes, is not feasible. It is also not possible to wear masks in restaurant. This paper recommended wearing masks in airplanes and use partition screens in the middle of a table in a restaurant to reduce the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Advanced ventilation systems, such as personalized ventilation and displacement ventilation, are strongly recommended for transport vehicles and buildings.

关键词： Airborne transmission Ventilation Masks Partitions

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Heterogeneous influence of individuals’ behavior on mask efficacy in gathering environments

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 550-562 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0193-5

摘要： Wearing masks is an easy way to operate and popular measure for preventing epidemics. Although masks can slow down the spread of viruses, their efficacy in gathering environments involving heterogeneous person-to-person contacts remains unknown. Therefore, we aim to investigate the epidemic prevention effect of masks in different real-life gathering environments. This study uses four real interpersonal contact datasets to construct four empirical networks to represent four gathering environments. The transmission of COVID-19 is simulated using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The heterogeneity of individuals can cause mask efficacy in a specific gathering environment to be different from the baseline efficacy in general society. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of gathering environments causes the epidemic prevention effect of masks to differ. Wearing masks can greatly reduce the probability of clustered epidemics and the infection scale in primary schools, high schools, and hospitals. However, the use of masks alone in primary schools and hospitals cannot control outbreaks. In high schools with social distancing between classes and in workplaces where the interpersonal contact is relatively sparse, masks can meet the need for prevention. Given the heterogeneity of individual behavior, if individuals who are more active in terms of interpersonal contact are prioritized for mask-wearing, the epidemic prevention effect of masks can be improved. Finally, asymptomatic infection has varying effects on the prevention effect of masks in different environments. The effect can be weakened or eliminated by increasing the usage rate of masks in high schools and workplaces. However, the effect on primary schools and hospitals cannot be weakened. This study contributes to the accurate evaluation of mask efficacy in various gathering environments to provide scientific guidance for epidemic prevention.

关键词： COVID-19 masks behavioral heterogeneity asymptomatic infection

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Nano-copper ions assembled cellulose-based composite with antibacterial activity for biodegradable personal protective mask

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1544-1554 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2288-2

摘要： The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in the widespread use of personal protective equipment, particularly face masks. However, the use of commercial disposable face masks puts great pressure on the environment. In this study, nano-copper ions assembled cotton fabric used in face masks to impart antibacterial activity has been discussed. To produce the nanocomposite, the cotton fabric was modified by sodium chloroacetate after its mercerization, and assembled with bactericidal nano-copper ions (about 10.61 mg·g^–1) through electrostatic adsorption. It demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli because the gaps between fibers in the cotton fabric allow the nano-copper ions to be fully released. Moreover, the antibacterial efficiency was maintained even after 50 washing cycles. Furthermore, the face mask constructed with this novel nanocomposite upper layer exhibited a high particle filtration efficiency (96.08% ± 0.91%) without compromising the air permeability (28.9 min·L^–1). This green, economical, facile, and scalable process of depositing nano-copper ions onto modified cotton fibric has great potential to reduce disease transmission, resource consumption, and environmental impact of waste, while also expanding the range of protective fabrics.

关键词： cellulose-based nanocomposite biodegradable antibacterial fabric nano-copper ions face masks

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新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间口罩能否经热水泡灭毒后重复使用？ Article

王丹, 孙宝昌, 王洁欣, 周芸芸, 陈倬为, 方彦, 岳卫华, 刘思敏, 刘克洋, 曾晓飞, 初广文, 陈建峰

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第10期页码 1115-1121 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.016

摘要：

新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间，口罩成为不可或缺的防控利器和战略物资。如何科学、安全、有效地重复使用口罩，让每一只口罩发挥最大效能，数倍甚至十倍以上地提高防护口罩的有效使用时间，是疫情防控所急需解决的关键科技问题。我们提出了“口罩荷电再生重复使用”的技术方法，并开展了再生口罩性能评价。首先将使用后的口罩浸泡在56 °C以上热水中30 min进行消毒处理，随后采用普通家用电吹风机等对“失效”的口罩进行吹干荷电处理，使口罩可重新荷电而再生静电效应。对市售的三类典型口罩（一次性医用口罩、医用外科口罩、KN95级防护口罩）进行“热水泡灭毒 +荷电再生”处理，实验证明其过滤层微观结构和口罩抗渗水性均无明显变化，再生口罩对非油性颗粒物的过滤效率满足相关口罩指标要求。相关研究结果为新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间的口罩荷电再生重复使用提供了参考。进一步研究了真人佩戴过程对不同初始性能的口罩的性能演变。浙江闰土股份有限公司在2月20日至3月30日期间应用“口罩荷电再生重复使用技术”，将原先每个员工每日发放一个一次性医用口罩，改为每个员工每三日发放一个一次性医用口罩，节约口罩12.25万只，降低了公司的口罩使用量，也确保了防疫工作的正常开展。本文基于真实佩戴口罩的研究，建立了基于荧光纳米颗粒渗透探伤的口罩检测新方法，为可重复使用口罩材料设计、结构优化和性能综合评价提供参考。

关键词：口罩可重复使用新冠病毒肺炎净化绿色发展